What is the purpose of periodization in athletic training?

The purpose of periodization in athletic training is to systematically vary intensity and volume throughout a training program. This structured approach is designed to optimize performance gains while reducing the risk of injury and overtraining. By adjusting the training variables, such as intensity (how hard the athlete trains) and volume (how much is trained), periodization helps to prevent plateaus in performance and accommodates the body's adaptation to physical stress over time.

This method also incorporates different training phases that target specific goals, such as endurance, hypertrophy, strength, and power. By following a well-structured periodization plan, athletes can maximize their performance leading up to important competitions while allowing for adequate recovery and adaptation during the off-seasons or lighter training phases.

Sustained constant intensity or focusing solely on one aspect, like strength training, does not provide the necessary variability to promote overall athletic development. Additionally, eliminating recovery contradicts the body's need for rest and regeneration to enhance performance and prevent injuries.